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Cellular Physiology of Hearts
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Repolarization occurs due to continued outward flow of K+ following inward flux of Ca2+ has stopped. Within the cell, the alter in membrane potential from the sudden influx of Na+ and the subsequent increase in intracellular Ca2+ causes the sarcoplasmic reticulum to discharge big numbers of calcium ions via specific Ca2+ discharge channels. The exact signaling mechanism is not recognized.
Once in the cytoplasm, however, Ca2+ released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum binds with the regulatory proteins troponin and tropomyosin. Myosin and actin are then allowed to interact and also the cross-bridges in between them bend, giving rise to contraction.
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